Low frequency oscillation (LFO)

Definition

LFO doesn’t create sound or music. It can only modify a few parameters of sound. It can bend with a low frequency. Low-frequency oscillation (LFO) is clearly expressible a low level of sound generally below 20Hz. This LFO changes the sound produced by the original Oscillator. We use Hertz (Hz) to express Frequency . 1 Hz means one cycle per second. 100 Hz = 100 cycles-per-second.  LFO can regulate the sound of oscillators at a slower rate. Generally, the slow rate is 10Hz or less. That means, the LFO varies 10 times per second or slower.

Components of LFO

The Waveform It has different shapes, and those shapes affect the sound in various types based on the shape of the waveform. Like – Sine, Saw, Ramp, Triangle, etc.

The Rate  How fast the sound changes, oscillations occur. The rate can be adjusted based on a particular frequency along the spectrum (12Hz, 2kHz, etc.). This is also known as cycles per second, or by a time value synced to the tempo of the DAW. At the time of regulating the rate based on Frequency, the lower the frequency = the slower the waveform moves, and the higher the frequency = the faster it moves.

Depth is the selects how much the LFO goes back and forth. This value might be in Hz, milliseconds, or some other measurement. Modulation is the key feature of the depth of an LFO.

Offset It is the bends of the sound changes, it adds or subtracts from the sound. It helps to create fine changes.

Uses

The frequency of the audio oscillator, its phase, stereo panning, filter frequency, or amplification. When routed to control pitch, an LFO creates vibrato. Tremolo creation happens with the modulation amplitude (volume). Low-frequency oscillation is the result of the Panning Position of the Sound. The Pitch of the Sound. Filter Parameters like Cutoff and Resonance vary with LFO.

LFO may or may not have voltage control over its frequency or other wave parameters. When LFO controls over-voltage or it is equipped with voltage control parameter is called “VCLFO”.